Introduction

Biofertilizers hold a promising future in the development of the market, production, technologies, tools and instruments etc. They are promising in reducing soil quality problems with optimum crop yield. As it was highlighted in Part I of Module 1, biofertilizers are a complex product of live microbial inoculants which are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, solubilize soil phosphorus, decompose organic material or oxidize sulphur in the soil. Biofertilizers are artificially multiplied cultures of beneficial soil microorganisms that can improve soil fertility and crop productivity. They add nutrients through the natural processes of nitrogen fixation, solubilizing phosphorus and stimulating plant growth through the synthesis of growth-promoting substances. They are made from biological wastes and do not contain any chemicals. The main sources of biofertilizers are bacteria, fungi and cynobacteria (blue-green algae).